-Power is the capacity to influence others

4 Sources of Power:

-Legitimate power: an agreement among organizational members that people in certain roles can request certain behaviors of others

-Reward power: derived from the ability to control the allocation of rewards valued by others and to remove negative sanctions

-Coercive power: ability to apply punishment

-Expert power: is the capacity to influence others by possessing knowledge or skills that they value

4 Contingence

-individuals and work unit are powerful

-centrality: the number of people affected

-Discretion is the freedom to exercise judgment

-visibility: the idea that power increases to the extent that a person’s or work unit’s competencies are known to others

-social networking involves cultivating social relationships with others to accomplish goals

-influence alters someone’s attitudes and behavior

-“soft” influence tactics: friendly persuasion and subtle ingratiation

-“hard” influence tactics: upward appeal and assertiveness

-organizational politics: influence tactics that observes perceive to the self-serving behaviors at the expense of others

-organizational politics can be minimized by providing clear rules for resource allocation, establish a free flow of info, educate and involve people during organizational changes